The andiroba tree is native to the Amazon region, and its fruits are used to produce andiroba oil—a natural product with significant medicinal and cosmetic value. Its use is deeply rooted in the culture and traditional medicine of the Amazon. Andiroba oil can be extracted both artisanally and industrially, and it is widely used by traditional populations in the region for a variety of purposes, including popular medicine, natural cosmetics, and as an insect repellent. The collection of fruits and the use of andiroba oil represent an important cultural and economic activity for Indigenous and riverside communities in the Amazon. Preserving this knowledge and traditional practices is essential to maintaining the identity, heritage, and way of life of these populations.